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THE SEVEN
MINIWONDERS |
The
students have worked on a mini Europe tour guide: “Six
mini wonders of my country/region/town”
by presenting unknown touristic aspects and places of
their country/region/town through itineraries and
descriptions. |
GERMANY |
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THE REICHSTAG
The Reichstag building is since 1999 the meeting place
of the modern German parliament, the Bundestag and is
is located in Berlin. In 1872 there was an architectural
contest with 103 participating architects wich didn't
worked out because of some problems with purchasing
property for the new building and arguments between
Willhelm I., Otto von Bismark and the members of the
Reichstag about how the construction should be
performed. 10 years later in 1882 there was another
contest held with 189 architects participating.
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THE BLACK FOREST (SCHWARZWALD).
In Baden-Württemberg.
Germany's biggest wooded mountain rage.
In the south – western of Germany you will find the very
popular Black Forest (Schwarzwald), that belongs to
Baden – Württemberg. Hearing the name, everyone is
connecting it with darkness and scary woodland. But in
reality the Black Forest is not half as scary as it's
name.
The Black Forest has, with a length of 200km and a
bredth of 60km, an area of about 12,000 km˛ and it's
highest peak, the Feldberg, is 1,493 metres high.
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THE PORT OF HAMBURG
The Port of Hamburg (Hamburger Hafen) is a port in
Hamburg, Germany, on the river Elbe. The harbour is
located 110 kilometres from the mouth of the
Elbe.
It is named Germany's "Gateway to the World" and is the
largest port in Germany. It is the third-largest port of
Europe (after the port of Rotterdam and the port of
Antwerp), in terms of numbers of containers handled in
2004, it is the second-largest in Europe and
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DER KöLNER DOM - Cologne Cathedral
The Cologne Cathedral is around 157.38m high and is the
second highest church in Europe and the 3th highest in
the world. The cathedral is only 250m away from the
river Rhein. It has a gothic architecture.
In ancient times where today’s Cathedral is standing
were always religious buildings. In the 4th century
there was built a palace that could be one of the first
churches in former times, but this structure was
destroyed by people and they built a grave. In the
second part of the 6th century they constructed on this
grave a church and this structure is the former
structure of today’s cathedral
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TRIER - The oldest city in Germany
Trier (Latin: Augusta Treverorum) is a city in Germany
on the banks of the Moselle River.
It is the oldest city in Germany, founded in or before
16 BC. Trier is not the only city claiming to be
Germany's oldest, but it is the only one that bases this
assertion on having the longest history as a city, as
opposed to a mere settlement or army camp.
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NEUSCHWANSTEIN/BAVARIA
When one thinks of the most typical and famous tourist
sites in Germany, the castle of Neuschwanstein in
Bavaria comes to mind immediately.
It looks so romantic and splendid sitting on the top of
its hill surrounded by the lovely German Alps. It is the
essence of romanticism and appears more beautiful than
Beyonce Knowles or Marilyn Monroe on photos. For the
American Walt Disney, it represented the archetype of a
European castle and he used in Disney’s logo and as the
model for some of the castles in his most famous
fairytale cartoons such as Cinderella.
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GREECE |
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THE PARTHENON
Before 480 B.C. in the same spot that today Parthenon
lies, another temple, called Proparthenon was set to be
built. It was the first big marbled temple in Athens,
same in size as the today's Parthenon. This temple was
ruined when Perses captured Acropolis in 480 B.C. Later,
parts of the temples were used in the Kimona's Wall.
With the leading of Pericles and relying on the
foundations of the previous temple the temple of Athenas
Parthenou was raised, that was successfully completed
between 447 and 432 A.C.
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DELPHI
Delphi is both an archaeological site and a modern town
in Greece on the south-western spur of Mount Parnassus
Delphi was the site of the Delphic oracle, the most
important oracle in the classical Greek world, and a
major site for the worship of the god Apollo His sacred
precinct in Delphi was a panhellenic sanctuary, where
every four years, starting in 586 B.C. athletes from all
over the Greek world competed in the Pythian Games, one
of the four panhellenic games, precursors of the Modern
Olympics. Delphi was labeled the "omphalos" (navel) of
the earth, in other words, the center of the world.
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ROUKETOPOLEMOS
Rouketopolemos is the name of a local traditional event
held annually at Easter in the town of Vrontados on the
Greek island of Chios. As a variation of the Greek habit
of throwing fireworks during the celebration of the
service at midnight before Easter Sunday, two rival
church congregations in the town perform a "Rocket War"
by firing tens of thousands of home-made rockets across
town, with the objective of hitting the bell tower of
the church of the other side.
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METEORA
In the northwest corner of Thessaly, the wide bed of the
Pinios River emerges from the mighty canyons of the
Eastern Pindus Mountains that plummet abruptly onto the
Thessalian plain. Here, in the shadow of the mountains
and just beyond the town of Kalampaka, massive gray
colored pinnacles rise towards the sky. It is a strange
but breathtaking landscape that has been sculpted by
wind and water over thousands of years. These smooth,
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DIROS CAVES
The
Diros caves are 6km down the coast from the village of
Areopolis, on the Mani peninsular of the Peloponnese.
The caves were discovered some years ago and opened to
the public in the 70s, although much of the cave
network, which is believed to cover around 70km, is yet
to be explored and is thought to possibly go all the way
up to Sparta. This is limestone country, so the caves
are full of stalagmites and stalactites, formed by
centuries of dripping water.
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SAMOTHRAKI
In the north-east of the Aegean Sea Samothraki, pops
up from the sea. . The island of Samothraki, scenically
is one of the most awe inspiring of all Greek islands.
It may be a small island but it is endowed with a most
diverse and dramatic landscape. Below the mighty peak of
Mt Fengari (1611m) you will find valleys of huge
twisting oaks, thick forests, and wet shaded glades
where waterfalls cascade into deep, icy pools. It is an
island dowered with an exceptional nature, unique in the
Aegean. Suitable words do not exist in order to describe
that place.
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HUNGARY |
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THE CAVES OF AGGTELEK
The Caves of Aggtelek are located in the Aggtelek
National Park in north-eastern part of Hungary. Aggtelek
was the first national park in the country. The park
lies on limestone bedrock that is prone to
karstification. There are over 260 caves in the park.
The Caves of Aggtelek were declared a UNESCO World
Heritage site in 1995.
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THE DANUBE BEND
There are many picturesque landscapes along the
Hungarian part of the Danube. North of Budapest there is
a unique area called the Danube Bend. This area with its
string of small riverside towns is a popular excursion
spot for Hungarians and international travelers as well.
The fact, that the Danube Bend is the third most-visited
area in Hungary after Budapest and Lake Balaton is an
excellent proof of the role this area is playing in
Hungary’s tourism.
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THE HUNGARIAN PARLIAMENT
Budapest, the Hungarian capitol, is worldwide famous for
its unique and diverse buildings, which are real
architectural gems. The city on the River Danube is
visited by many tourists from Hungary and other
countries and is considered to be one of the most
interesting places in Europe. Visitors who are
interested in architecture and history can find in
Budapest a wide variety of buildings, which were built
in different ages and represent many architectural
styles.
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EGER |
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Northern Hungary is
famous for its national parks and wine regions. Eger is
the centre of the wine region which is the home of
delicious and famous wine called Bull’s Blood of Eger.
Eger has got many attractions, which are visited by many
Hungarian and international tourists. The Castle of Eger
played an important role in the history of Hungary. The
first castle in Eger was built during the reign of the
Árpád Dynasty. In 1552 István Dobó successfully defended
the castle from the Turkish army. The famous Hungarian
writer Géza Gárdonyi described the events of this war in
his popular novel Eclipse of the Crescent Moon.
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TOKAI |
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The Tokaj
area is situated in the foothills of the Carpathian
Mountains in north eastern Hungary. The centre of this
wine-growing region is Kopasz Mountain and the town
Tokaj. Tokaj wine doesn’t come just from the vineyards
close to town, but from the entire wine-growing region
of Tokaj-Hegyalja, which covers an area of some 5000
hectares. The sweetest and well-known Tokaj wine is
Aszú. The first Aszú wine can be traced back to Laczkó
Máté Sepsi, a preacher from Erdőbénye. Tokaji Aszú used
to be a medicine and it had many admirers. The Kings of
Poland celebrated with a glass of Aszú and the Russian
tsars offered this unique speciality to their dearest
quests. Louis XIV of France...
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LAKE BALATON |
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Lake
Balaton Central Europe’s largest lake is one of the most
popular tourist attractions in Hungary. Lake Balaton is
situated in Transdanubia. There is a difference between
the southern and northern shores of the lake. The water
is shallower and warmer by the southern shore, which is
an ideal place for making family holiday. The northern
shore is mountainous and it is famous for a major wine
region. Lake Balaton is connected with the Danube with
the Sió Canal. The name of the lake is of Slavic origin.
In the early Pan-Slavic language the word blato meant
mud or swamp. The Romans were also impressed by the
beautiful region of the lake, which they called Lacus
Pelso.
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HORTOBÁGY |
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Hortobágy
is both the name of a village in Hajdú-Bihar county and
a national park in Eastern Hungary, rich with folklore
and cultural history. The Hortobágy Puszta is the
biggest single area of steppe grazing land in Central
Europe. The park, a part of the Alföld (Great Plain),
was designated as a national park in 1973 (the first in
Hungary), and elected among the World Heritage sites in
1999. The Hortobágy is Hungary's largest protected area,
and the largest natural grassland in Europe.
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ITALY |
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GOLE
DELL'ALCANTARA
The Alcantara is a river in Sicily, between Catania and
Messina, near Taormina.The “Gole dell’Alcantara” are up
to 25 m. high; at the narrowest points they are from 2
m. to 5 m. wide and at the widest points 4 or 5 m. wide.
People think that the continuous water flow over the
years created this Canyon but in reality it is due to an
earthquake that split an old lava flow from Mount Etna
allowing the river Alcantara to flow. Between the high,
black lava walls .......
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ERICE
At 750 m sea level, Erice is located in a splendid
panoramic position and on a clear day you can see the
mount Etna on the horizon. Erice is now one of the main
tourist destinations in Sicily. [.....]
Erice hosts the Centre for Scientific Culture “Ettore
Majorana”, founded in 1963. The centre has become an
important reference point for scientific research
worldwide.
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MARSALA:
Baglio Anselmi and the Punic ship.
Marsala is a town situated on the south-west coast of
Sicily, in front of Africa. It houses an important
archeological piece: a Punic ship. [.....] The museum
where the remains of the Punic ship are hosted is the
Baglio Anselmi, a building of the late XIX century used
as a winery for the production of “Marsala” wine.
The shipwreck .......
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CALTAGIRONE
The city of Caltagirone dominates the plain of Catania
and Gela. It is 68 km far from Catania, situated up to
608 m. above sea level. During the winter the
picturesque location and the enormous temperature range
between day and night, often gives rise to a dense fog,
familiarly called “a Paisana”.
Land
rich in clay, Caltagirone is known worldwide for its
handmade pottery made by hundreds of artisans. The art
of majolica has ancient origins: the first furnace dates
back to the Muslim and the Norman period.
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MONREALE
Monreale is a town near Palermo, in Sicily, overlooking
the very fertile valley called “La Conca d’oro” (the
gold shell). It’s known for its orange, olive and almond
trees that are exported in large quantities. A visit of
Palermo isn’t truly complete without a visit to
Monreale.
The town was for a long a village, and started its
expansion when the Norman Kings of Sicily chose the area
as their hunting resort, and built here a palace ....
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THE SALT PANS OF WEST SICILY
Salt was, of course, an important commodity for the
preservation of food and so the west coast of Sicily
soon had a fundamental role to play in the daily life of
thousands of people around the Mediterranean and in
Europe.
The road from Trapani to Marsala leads to Via del Sale,
the territory where salt is still being extracted. A
Reserve has been founded to protect this important area,
that is characterized by shallow waters and rich
under-water fauna and flora.
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SEGESTA
Segesta occupies a splendid position, in Sicily.
Ancient Segesta was probably founded by the Elimi; under
Greek domination, it soon ranked, like Erice (Eryx)
among the leading towns of the Mediterranean basin. In
the 5th century BC, it was the greatest enemy of its
great rival Selinunte (Selinus): in an attempt to defend
against this threat, Segesta appealed for help from
Athens in 415 BC, but these reinforcements were defeated
by Syracuse whose forces were allied to Selinunte.
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SPAIN |
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MUSEO
DEL PRADO
El Museo del Prado is a museum and art gallery located
in Madrid, the capital of Spain. It features one of the
world's finest collections of European art [.....]. El
Prado is one of the most visited places in the world,
and it is considered to be among the greatest museums of
art.
The best known work on display at the museum is Las
Meninas by Velázquez. Velázquez not only provided the
Prado with his own works, but his keen eye and
sensibility ........
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ALCAZAR DE SEGOVIA
The Alcázar of Segovia (literally, Segovia Castle) is a
stone fortification, located in the old city
of Segovia, Spain. Rising out on a rocky crag above the
confluence of the rivers Eresma and Clamores near the
Guadarrama mountains, it is one of the most distinctive
castle-palaces in Spain by virtue of its shape - like
the bow of a ship. The Alcázar was originally built as a
fortress but has served as a royal palace, a state
prison, a Royal Artillery College and a military academy
since then.
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THE CASTLE OF MANZANARES EL
REAL
The town of Manzanares el Real, 30 miles north of
Madrid, is most famous for its castle that is an
imposing example of the military architecture of the
15th century in Spain. The construction of the castle
began in the year 1475, at a time when Madrid was just a
little town. The castle has a quadrangular plant with
four towers on the corners. Three cylindrical towers and
a larger one known as Torre del Homenaje (Homage Tower)
with a squared layout. Each of the three cylindrical
towers is crowned with smaller towers, ....
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LAS FALLAS
“ Las Fallas ” (traditional “ Falles ” in Valencia) is a
festival held from 15th to 19th March in some cities and
towns of Valencia (Spain), mainly including Valencia and
Alcira, also in the rest of Spain and the city of Palma
de Mallorca or even Huelva, as well as in the city of
Mar del Plata Argentina, receiving thousands of
immigrants from Valencia. Also called “ Josefinas ” or “
festes de Sant Josep “ (in Valencian) it is held in
honour of St. Joseph, patron saint of carpenters. It is
classified as a festival of international tourist
interest. The fault name corresponds to the artistic
buildings of combustible materials as a whole,
representing figures known as “ ninots “ and
compositions of different elements.
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THE BRIDGE OF THE TAJO IN RONDA
The New Bridge is together with the bullring, the symbol
and the soul of the city of Ronda.
There were two projects for the building of this bridge.
The first in the year 1735, with the king Felipe V,
consisted of an arch of 35 meters in diameter, and this
work lasted only 8 months but it was unsuccessful
because six years later it collapsed, killing about 50
people.
A few years later, the works started again in 1751 and
it was finished in 1793 coinciding with the celebration
of the Royal May fair in Ronda. They needed 40 years to
finish the bridge, following the design of the architect
D. José Martín de Aldehuela, also the architect of the
town called Manzanera in Teruel.
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SANTIAGO
The Saint James’ Way is a way from some parts of
Europe to the Spanish city Santiago de Compostela, in
Galicia, Spain.This way is a spiritual way, many people
do this pilgrimage to find themslves, as a promise, etc.
The history of the way is unknown but it seems that in
814 relics were attributed to the apostle in this city.
The people started to do it from about 813 with the
discovery of the relics of the apostle and with the
approval of Charlemagne, who wanted to defend its
borders from Arab invasions, Compostela will
progressively become a pilgrimage center to receive
their final push during the first half of XII century.
Soon the news spread throughout Christian Europe and the
pilgrims began to arrive at the grave, called Campus
Stellae, which degenerate into the term Compostela.
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CAVE OF ALTAMIRA
Altamira is a cave in Santillana del Mar
(Cantabria), Spain famous for its Upper Paleolithic cave
paintings featuring drawings and polychrome rock
paintings of wild mammals and human hands.
Its special relevance comes from the fact that it was
the first cave in which prehistoric cave paintings were
discovered. When the discovery was first made public in
1880, it led to a bitter public controversy between
experts which continued into the early 20th century, as
many of them did not believe prehistoric man had the
intellectual capacity to produce any kind of artistic
expression. The acknowledgement of the authenticity of
the paintings, .....
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TURKEY |
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HASANKEYF
Hasankeyf is the most popular area of the vicinity due
to its historic wealth. The city stands as living
evidence to the multifaceted cultural foundations of the
Arabs, Seljuks, Mongolians and Ottomans and houses a
plethora of valuable remnants from the past. The place
is a major tourist attraction with its unlimited
treasure of antique civilizations. Sadly, most of it
will be lost under the flows of rivers after the
completion of the GAP project for building dams in the
region. Work is already on to salvage as much of
historical evidence as possible. |
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Hasankeyf`s
origin as a settlement area probably dates back to
prehistoric times. The city was the pivot of Turkish
culture with its plentiful educational and scientific
institutes. According to legend, it is named after Hasan,
who escaped from the fortress with a miraculous jump
over the high walls and into the Tigris.
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THE
SUMELA MONASTERY
The Sumela Monastery, which stands on the foot of a
steep cliff facing the Altindere valley in the region of
Maçka in Trabzon province, is populary known as "Meryem
Ana" (The Virgin Mary. The building complex is nearly
300 metres high and was built following the tradition of
monasteries that were located outside the cities in
forests near caves and sources of water.
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CAPPADOCIA
Cappadocia "Land of Beautiful Houses" is a region in
central Turkey, largely in Nevşehir Province.
The area is
a famous and popular tourist destination, as it has many
areas with unique geological, historic and cultural
features. The Cappadocia region is largely underlain by
sedimentary rocks formed in lakes and streams, and
ignimbrite deposits erupted from ancient volcanoes
approximately 9 to 3 million years ago, during the late
Miocene to Pliocene epochs. The rocks of Cappadocia near
Göreme eroded into hundreds of spectacular pillars and
minaret-like forms.
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EPHESUS
Ephesus which was established as a port, was used to be
the most important commercial centre. It played a great
role in the ancient times with its strategic location.
Ephesus is located on a very fertile valley.Ephesus
contains the largest collection of Roman ruins in the
eastern Mediterranean. Only an estimated 15% has been
excavated. The ruins that are visible give some idea of
the city's original splendor, .....
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MOUNT NEMRUT
Mt. Nemrut is a 2,134 m high mountain in southeastern
Turkey, notable for the summit where a number of large
statues is erected around what is assumed to be a royal
tomb from the 1st century BCE.
The mountain lies 40 km north of Kahta, near Adıyaman.
In 62 BC, King Antiochus I Theos of Commagene built on
the mountain top a tomb-sanctuary flanked by huge
statues of himself, two lions, two eagles and various
Greek, Armenian, and Iranian gods, such as
Hercules-Vahagn, Zeus-Aramazd or Oromasdes, Tyche, and
Apollo-Mithras. These statues were once seated, with
names of each god inscribed on them. The heads of the
statues have at some stage been removed from their
bodies, and they are now scattered throughout the site.
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The DIVRIĞI MOSQUE
The Divriği Mosque is an outstanding example of Selçuk
mosques in Anatolia, having neither a courtyard,
colonnades, nor an uncovered ablutions basin, but which
organizes all religious functions in an enclosed area. A
charitable foundation, the contiguous hospital makes an
already exceptional ensemble even more interesting
thanks to a princely command.
Far away from the major communication links at the
south-east of Sivas province in eastern Anatolia,...
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